Premature birth for the newborn turns out to be psychological trauma and biological. By parents it is experienced as psychological trauma, affecting the level of cognitive, emotional and social parents. The effects of premature birth and all occurred because of this situation you can be seen many years after the event. Almost 50% of mothers suffer from post traumatic stress disorder, which affects a limited ability to function properly in the role of mother. The literature shows that in mothers of premature babies may experience symptoms such as obsessive thoughts, recurrent memories, panic attacks, nightmares, avoidance relationship with the child. That is why it is so important environment professional care not only the newborn, but also the next, so as to counteract the negative effects of prematurity. After leaving the child newborn intensive care unit, the ability to use its development potential depends primarily on the emotional state of the parents. Care Holistic expressed as: good contact doctors with parents (through clear communication of knowledge on the state of preterm), good contact nurses with parents (by encouraging parents to build a relationship with the child, milk expression, kangaroo care), good contact physiotherapists with parents (through interaction stimulating the development of a child). This care treats each patient individually. Do not forget to minimize the sensation of pain in children. It allows parents to contact a psychologist who will teach them how to use their resources in a crisis situation. The child’s stay in OITN is only the beginning of his short existence. Holistic care of the premature baby and his parents makes it back to life after the experience occurred will be easier, and parents stronger.

Key words: neonatology, prematurity, holistic care, parents.