Different length of lower limbs results from various causes and has got a negative impact on the musculoskeletal system. Even in the case of a minor shortening, it is necessary to apply properly selected treatment. The Ilizarov method is an invasive way of treating limbs’ shortenings and it is burdened with high risk but due to its efficiency, it is often applied in orthopedics. Long treatment process requires patience, determination and is connected with certain nursing problems.

Key words: limbs shortening, lengthening, Ilizarov method.