The most common group of cancers that occur in women are cancers of female genital mutilation. Cervical cancer is the most common cancer among all gynecological cancers. The disease has a negative impact on all aspects of women’s life and habitants. Therefore, there are economic, social and psychological problems. Since 2007 in Poland it implemented the Population‑Based Cervical Cancer Screening, which has a budget in 2009 amounted to 9 357 011 PLN. In contrast, the total cost of treatment of cervical cancer diagnosed was 42 482 537 PLN. The cost of this in regard to the high mortality of patients with late detected advanced disease are a major financial burden on the state budget. This analysis highlights the importance of conducting intensive prevention of early diagnosis of cervical cancer in pre‑invasive stage. The direct costs of treatment of this disease should be added additional medical costs. They are associated with the presence of comorbidities and treatment. Indirect costs are paid by society.

Key words: cervical cancer, medical cost, pharmacoeconomics, Population‑Based Cervical Cancer Screening.