Interventions designed for improving the efficiency of health system policy and reducing costs of treatment are highly desirable. By applying the tools of behavioral economics, we can solve challenges facing the pharmaceutical sector. This article presents examples of the application of behavioral economics to improve medication adherence. Factors influencing patients’ decisions are indicated and the way in which behavioral economics can mitigate drug shortages is presented.

Key words: behavioral economics, pharmacy, pharmacoeconomics, patient compliance, drug shortages.